- Roosters1
- Rāgamālā painting1
- Sajʻ1
- Salutations--Religious aspects--Islam1
- Samarqandī, Muḥammad ibn Ashraf, active 13th century. Ashkāl al-taʼsīs1
- Saudi Arabia1
- Saudi Arabia--Medina1
- Schools1
- Scribes1
- Sea monsters1
- Sex customs1
- Sexual disorders1
- Sharḥ al-Mawāqif (Jurjānī, ʻAlī ibn Muḥammad, al-Sayyid al-Sharīf)1
- Sharḥ al-Wiqāyah (Maḥbūbī, ʻUbayd Allāh ibn Masʻūd)1
- Sharḥ al-ʻAqāʼid al-ʻAḍudīyah (Dawwānī, Muḥammad ibn Asʻad)1
- Sharḥ Īsāghūjī (Kātī, Ḥusām al-Dīn al-Ḥasan)1
- Shaybānī, Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan, approximately 750-804 or 805. Jāmiʻ al-kabīr.--Abridgment1
- Shādhilīyah1
- Shāfiʻī, Muḥammad ibn Idrīs, 767 or 768-8201
- Shāhnāmah (Firdawsī)1