- Rustam (Legendary character)1
- Râmâyaṇa (Old Javanese kakawin)1
- Rüstem Paşa Camii (Istanbul, Turkey)1
- Rāfiʻī, ʻAbd al-Karīm ibn Muḥammad, 1162-1226. Muḥarrar1
- Rāfiʻī, ʻAbd al-Karīm ibn Muḥammad, 1162-1226. ʻAzīz ʻalá al-Wajīz1
- Rāghib, Muḥammad, 1698 or 1699-1762 or 17631
- Rāma Daivajña, active 17th century. Muhūrtacintāmaṇi1
- Rāṭhī, Dāmodaradāsa, 17th century. Sāṃgītadarpaṇa1
- Rīzawī, ʻUthmān Ṣabrī ibn Ismāʻīl, active 19th century. Risālah al-jadīdah fī al-waḍʻ1
- R̥gvedaprātiśākhya (Śaunaka)1
- Sabbath (Jewish law)1
- Sabzavārī, Hādī ibn Mahdī, 1797 or 1798-1873. Ghurar al-farāʼid1
- Sabzavārī, Hādī ibn Mahdī, 1797 or 1798-1873. Laʼālī al-muntaẓimah fī ʻilm al-manṭiq wa-al-mīzān1
- Sabzavārī, Hādī ibn Mahdī, b. 1797 or 8. Tālīqāt ʻalá Asrār al-āyāt1
- Sacraments1
- Sacrifice1
- Saint-Geoire-en-Valdaine (France)1
- Sajāwandī, Sirāj al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad, active 12th century. Waqf wa-al-ibtidāʼ1
- Sakhāwī, Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad. Durrah al-bahīyah fī al-masāʼil al-fiqhīyah1
- Salt mines and mining1