- Romania--Transylvania2
- Rosh Hodesh--Liturgy2
- Rossi, Girolamo de'2
- Rāsa literature2
- Sacrifice2
- Saffron crocus2
- Sakhāwī, ʻAlī ibn Muḥammad, 1163?-1245. ʻUmdat al-mujīd fī al-naẓm wa-al-tajwīd2
- Sales (Islamic law)2
- Salt--Taxation2
- Salutations--Religious aspects--Islam2
- Samarasiṃha. Gaṇakabhūṣaṇa2
- Samarqandī, Abū al-Qāsim ibn Abī Bakr, active 15th century. Risālah al-Samarqandīyah2
- Samarqandī, Muḥammad ibn Ashraf, active 13th century. Ashkāl al-taʼsīs2
- Samarqandī, Muḥammad ibn Yūsuf, -1160 or 1161. Fiqh al-nāfiʻ2
- San Marziano (Monastery : Tortona, Italy)2
- San Miniato, Cosimo di2
- San Miniato, Giovanni di2
- San Miniato, Jacopo di2
- San Miniato, Michele di2
- San Miniato, Simone di2