- Mullā Ḥanafī, Muḥammad. Ḥāshiyat al-Ḥanafī ʻalá al-Risālah al-qadīmah1
- Muḥammad, Prophet, -6321
- Mīrzā Jān, Ḥabīb Allāh, -1586? Ḥāshiyat Mīrzā Jān1
- Physics1
- Platonists1
- Pratyakṣakhaṇḍa (Gaṅgeśa)1
- Predestination (Islam)1
- Quṭb al-Shīrāzī, Maḥmūd ibn Masʻūd, 1236 or 1237-1310 or 1311. Sharḥ Ḥikmat al-ishrāq1
- Rainbows1
- Religious life--Islam1
- Rudra (Hindu deity)1
- Rāma (Hindu deity)1
- Rāzī, Fakhr al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn ʻUmar, 1149 or 1150-1210. Lubāb al-Ishārāt1
- Salvation--Hinduism1
- Samarqandī, Abū al-Qāsim ibn Abī Bakr, active 15th century. Risālah al-Samarqandīyah fī al-istiʻārāt1
- Samarqandī, Muḥammad ibn Ashraf, active 13th century. Risālah fī ādāb al-baḥth1
- Satellites--Phases1
- Sharḥ al-Mawāqif (Jurjānī, ʻAlī ibn Muḥammad, al-Sayyid al-Sharīf)1
- Sharḥ al-Qūshjī ʻalá Tajrīd al-ʻaqāʼid lil-Ṭūsī (Qūshjī, ʻAlī ibn Muḥammad)1
- Shīʻah--Doctrines1