- Romances, Arabic2
- Romances, Latin (Medieval and modern)2
- Romania--Transylvania2
- Rosh Hodesh--Liturgy2
- Rosh ha-Shanah2
- Russia (Federation)2
- Rāsa literature2
- Rāzī, Fakhr al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn ʻUmar, 1149 or 1150-1210. Lubāb al-Ishārāt2
- Sabzavārī, Hādī ibn Mahdī, 1797 or 1798- Nibrās al-hudá2
- Sakhāwī, ʻAlī ibn Muḥammad, 1163?-1245. ʻUmdat al-mujīd fī al-naẓm wa-al-tajwīd2
- Salt industry and trade--Law and legislation2
- Salutations--Religious aspects--Islam2
- Samarasiṃha. Gaṇakabhūṣaṇa2
- Samarqandī, Abū al-Qāsim ibn Abī Bakr, 15th cent. Risālah al-Samarqandīyah2
- Samarqandī, Muḥammad ibn Yūsuf, -1160 or 1161. Fiqh al-nāfiʻ2
- Sancho IV, King of Castile and Leon, 1257-12952
- Sanjaq Dār, Muḥammad al-Sharīf, active 17th century. Zīj2
- Sanskrit language--Noun2
- Sanskrit language--Suffixes and prefixes2
- Sanskrit language--Syntax2