- Qūshjī, ʻAlī ibn Muḥammad, -1474 or 1475. Risālah fī al-hayʼah1
- Rajab1
- Rasāʼil (Ikhwān al-Ṣafāʼ)1
- Recipes1
- Recitations1
- Religious calendars1
- Religious life--Islam1
- Riddles, Arabic1
- Rithmomachia (Game)1
- Rucellai, Cosimo, 1495-15191
- Rules1
- Rāṭhī, Dāmodaradāsa, 17th century. Sāṃgītadarpaṇa1
- Sacrifice--Hinduism1
- Samarqandī, Abū al-Qāsim ibn Abī Bakr, active 15th century. Risālah al-Samarqandīyah fī al-istiʻarāt1
- Samarqandī, Muḥammad ibn Ashraf, active 13th century. Ashkāl al-taʼsīs1
- Sanskrit language--Rhetoric1
- Sanskrit literature1
- Sanskrit poetry1
- Scales (Weighing instruments)1
- Scholasticism1