- Religious life--Islam1
- Riddles, Arabic1
- Rithmomachia (Game)1
- Rucellai, Cosimo, 1495-15191
- Rules1
- Rāṭhī, Dāmodaradāsa, 17th century. Sāṃgītadarpaṇa1
- Sacrifice--Hinduism1
- Samarqandī, Abū al-Qāsim ibn Abī Bakr, active 15th century. Risālah al-Samarqandīyah fī al-istiʻarāt1
- Sanjaq Dār, Muḥammad al-Sharīf, active 17th century. Zīj1
- Sanskrit language--Rhetoric1
- Sanskrit literature1
- Sanskrit poetry1
- Scales (Weighing instruments)1
- Scholasticism1
- Seliḥot1
- Sermons, Latin1
- Sex--Religious aspects--Islam1
- Sexual disorders1
- Shafiites1
- Shams Maghribī, Muḥammad Shīrīn, 1349?-1406 or 1407. Jām-i Jahānʹnumā1