- Pedro I, King of Castile and Leon, 1334-13691
- Perez Barahona, Juan, active 1560-15621
- Peru (Viceroyalty). Real Caja de Cuzco1
- Peru--Lima1
- Philip II, King of Spain, 1527-15981
- Philip III, King of Spain, 1578-16211
- Philippines1
- Philippines--Manila1
- Pic̨arro, Diego1
- Pizarro, Gonzalo, -15481
- Pizarro, Pedro, active 16th century1
- Prophecies1
- Puga family1
- Rendón y Sarmiento family1
- Ribera, Teresa de1
- Romero family1
- Rueda family1
- Rueda, Baltasar de, active 1553-15691
- Rueda, Bernardino de, active 1553-15691
- Rueda, Luis de, active 1553-15691