- Pastoral poetry, Latin1
- Paul V, Pope, 1552-16211
- Pazzi, Antonio de'1
- Pazzi, Piero de'1
- Peasant uprisings1
- Penance (Canon law)1
- Penitentials1
- Pepper (Spice)1
- Perception (Philosophy)1
- Perfumes1
- Perpetual calendars1
- Persephone (Greek deity)1
- Phalaris, Tyrant of Agrigentum, active 6th century B.C.1
- Pharmacognosy1
- Pharmacology1
- Pharmacy1
- Philip II, King of Spain, 1527-15981
- Philip III, King of Spain, 1578-16211
- Philip IV, King of Spain, 1605-16651
- Philipp I, Landgraf von Hessen, 1504-15671