- Quadrants (Astronomical instruments)2
- Qurʼan. Sūrat al-Baqarah2
- Reading2
- Reformation2
- Religion2
- Shahjahan, Emperor of India, approximately 1592-16662
- Sharāʼiʻ al-Islām (Muḥaqqiq al-Ḥillī, Jaʻfar ibn al-Ḥasan)2
- Sharḥ al-Mawāqif (Jurjānī, ʻAlī ibn Muḥammad, al-Sayyid al-Sharīf)2
- Shāfiʻī, Muḥammad ibn Idrīs, 767 or 768-8202
- Shāmil, Imām, 1798?-18712
- Spain2
- Sufi poetry, Arabic2
- Sufism--Customs and practices2
- Symbolism of numbers2
- Syria--Homs2
- Syria--Ḥamāh2
- Syria--Ṣāliḥīyah2
- Tajrīd al-iʻtiqād (Ṭūsī, Naṣīr al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad)2
- Thaqafī, al-Mukhtār ibn Abī ʻUbayd, 622 or 623-687 or 6882
- Theological anthropology--Islam2