- Maurice, Saint, -approximately 2871
- Maximian, Emperor of Rome, approximately 240-3101
- Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor, 1459-15191
- Maya (Hinduism)1
- Mayan languages1
- Maḥberet (Mĕnaḥem ben Saruq)1
- Maḥbūbī, Maḥmūd ibn ʻUbayd Allāh, -1344 or 1345. Wiqāyat al-riwāyah fī masāʼil al-Hidāyah1
- Maḥzor1
- Maḥzor. High Holidays1
- Maḥzor. Passover1
- Maḥzor. Rosh ha-Shanah1
- Maḥzor. Shavuot1
- Maḥzor. Sukkot1
- Mechanics1
- Medical astrology1
- Medici, Alessandro de', 1510-15371
- Medici, Bernardo d'Alamanno de'1
- Medici, Giovanni Giacomo de', marchese di Marignano, 1495-15551
- Medici, Giuliano de', 1453-14781
- Medici, Lorenzo de', 1449-14921