- Samarqandī, Muḥammad ibn Ashraf, active 13th century. Ṣaḥāʼif al-ilāhīyah1
- Samtī, Yūsuf ibn Khālid, -805 or 8061
- Satellites--Phases1
- Science, Medieval1
- Sharḥ al-Ishārāt (Ṭūsī, Naṣīr al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad)1
- Sharḥ al-Qūshjī ʻalá Tajrīd al-ʻaqāʼid lil-Ṭūsī (Qūshjī, ʻAlī ibn Muḥammad)1
- Sharḥ al-Wiqāyah (Maḥbūbī, ʻUbayd Allāh ibn Masʻūd)1
- Shaybānī, Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan, approximately 750-804 or 8051
- Shaykhī1
- Shaykhī--Doctrines1
- Shirwānī, Masʻūd ibn Ḥusayn, -1499 or 1500. Sharḥ ʻalá Risālah fī ādāb al-baḥth1
- Shāfiʻī, Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad, 1436 or 1437-1499 or 1500. Tuḥfat al-ʻibād bi-mā yajibu min al-iʻtiqād1
- Shīʻah--Customs and practices1
- Sibṭ al-Māridīnī, Badr al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad, 1423- Sharḥ al-Raḥbīyah1
- Signification (Logic)1
- Solomon, King of Israel1
- Solomon, King of Israel, in the Qurʼan1
- Space and time--Religious aspects--Islam1
- Sujāʻī, Aḥmad ibn Aḥmad, -1783? Jawāhir al-muntaẓimāt fi ʻUqūd al-maqūlāt1
- Sujāʻī, Aḥmad ibn Aḥmad, -1783? ʻUqūd al-maqūlāt1