- Romances, Italian1
- Ropshitser, Naphtali Ẓevi, 1760-18271
- Rueda family1
- Rueda, Baltasar de, active 1553-15691
- Rueda, Bernardino de, active 1553-15691
- Rueda, Luis de, active 1553-15691
- Rueda, Rodrigo de, active 1553-15691
- Rustam (Legendary character)1
- Rāgamālā painting1
- Rāma (Hindu deity)1
- Sacred books1
- Sacred works1
- Salve Regina (Music)1
- Samaritans1
- Sanchipat1
- Sancho II, King of Castile and Leon, 1037 or 1038-10721
- Sant Mamet de Corró (Spain : Parish)1
- Schools1
- Science, Medieval1
- Scores1