- Qūnīlī, Aḥmad Ḥilmī ibn Muḥammad, active 19th century1
- Qūṣūnī, Sirāj al-Dīn ibn Badr al-Dīn, active 17th century1
- Raffaello Sorbi1
- Raghunātha1
- Rajab ibn Ḥasan Maqarrī1
- Rajīḥī, Muḥammad ibn ʻUmar, active 16th century1
- Ram Chandra Shukla1
- Ramaḍān Ḥalāwah1
- Ranulf Higden1
- Rashīdī, Aḥmad Ibrāhīm, active 19th century1
- Rashīdī, Aḥmad ʻArafah ibn Aḥmad ʻArafah1
- Rawayʻah al-Abrāshī, Ḥasan, active 19th century1
- Ricardus Franciscus1
- Richard Aleyn1
- Roberto Celio degli Oricoli1
- Robusti Ansermus1
- Rolandus de Asillo1
- Rolandus de Monte1
- Ruffilus1
- Rustam Gushtāsp Ardashīr Gushtāsp1